马克斯·韦伯作为德国的社会学大师留给我们许多的财富。通过解读他的作品,有助于我们认识自己和社会的关系,把握社会文化生成变化的原理。在他的作品中,较为完整的一部就是《新教伦理与资本主义精神》(或译作《基督新教伦理与资本主义精神》)。这部著作从一种宗教的伦理推导出资本主义的发端,把宗教和经济的问题融合在一起,层层推进,最终找到了致使资本主义只在西方而不是在别的地区产生的原因。本文在理解韦伯和《新教伦理与资本主义精神》一书的主旨和逻辑的基础上,从法律社会学的视野加以解读,发现该书的逻辑是法律社会学的逻辑,该书是对法律社会学文化环境与体制制度的辩证关系的一种强有力的佐证。因此,在当下的社会环境下,仅仅依靠实证主义法学就法本身去研究制度的建立和运行是远远不够的,要利用法律社会学的理论,积极培养文化环境,用内在意识驱动个体行动进而上升为一种社会结构。 Max Weber left us a lot of wealth as a master of sociology in Germany. By interpreting his works, it helps us to understand the relationship between ourselves and the society and to grasp the principle of changes in the social culture. Among his works, the more complete one is “Protestant ethics and the spirit of capitalism” (or translated as “Christian Protestant ethics and capitalist spirit”). The book deduces the beginning of capitalism from a religious ethic, brings together issues of religion and economics, and advances it at every level, ultimately finding the reason why capitalism has been created in the West, not elsewhere. Based on the understanding of Weber and the motto and logic of Protestantism and the spirit of capitalism, this essay interprets from the perspective of legal sociology and finds that the logic of the book is the logic of legal sociology. A Strong Evidence of the Dialectical Relationship between Cultural Environment and System. Therefore, under the current social environment, it is far from enough to study the establishment and operation of the system based solely on the law of positivism. We should make use of the theory of legal sociology to actively cultivate a cultural environment and drive the individual actions through the inner consciousness Rise to a social structure.