以汶川地震强震区七盘沟堰塞湖为例,通过野外调查、现场测量,分析了“7.10”泥石流暴发时6个典型堰塞体的溃决特征,给出了堰塞体溃决类型及其溃决后的水动力特征。结果表明,6个典型堰塞体失稳主要以漫顶溢流破坏为主,溃决流量最大值达404.9m3/s。进而确定了堰塞体溃决后泥石流的启动条件,结果可为泥石流预防与控制提供参考。 Taking the Qibangou dammed lake in the strong earthquake area of ​​Wenchuan earthquake as an example, the characteristics of the collapse of six typical dam bodies during the “7.10 ” debris flow outbreak were analyzed through field survey and field survey. And its hydrodynamic characteristics after the collapse. The results show that the failure of 6 typical dam members is mainly dominated by overpressure failure with the maximum flow rate of 404.9m3 / s. Then the starting conditions of debris flows after the failure of the dam body are determined. The results can provide reference for the prevention and control of debris flow.