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目的分析深圳市龙岗区中小学生超重与肥胖状况。方法采用多级分层整群抽样法对深圳市龙岗区7所中小学校7～18岁的学生进行体格检查和问卷调查。应用“中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体质指数分类标准”筛查出各年龄组男女生超重与肥胖人数,分析比较各年龄组男女生超重与肥胖检出率。结果深圳市龙岗区中小学生男生超重、肥胖率分别为12.27%和7.65%,女生超重、肥胖率分别为8.71%和5.25%,男女生超重率均高于肥胖率。小学男、女生超重检出率分别为14.43%和10.20%(χ2=24.901,P<0.01),小学男、女生肥胖检出率分别为10.65%和7.19%(χ2=22.130,P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。中学男、女生超重检出率分别为10.10%和7.16%(χ2=16.148,P<0.01),中学男、女生肥胖检出率分别为4.62%和3.24%(χ2=24.990,P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。结论深圳市龙岗区中小学生超重与肥胖问题严重,尤其是小学男生。各学校、社区、家庭及有关管理部门应进一步加强中小学生的健康卫生教育工作,防止中小学生超重、肥胖进一步蔓延。
Objective To analyze the status of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students in Longgang District of Shenzhen City. Methods The multi-level stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct physical examination and questionnaire survey on 7-to-18-year-old students in 7 primary and secondary schools in Longgang District, Shenzhen. Application “” Chinese children and adolescents overweight, obesity screening body mass index classification criteria "screen for men and women overweight and obesity in all age groups, analysis of male and female overweight and obesity in each age group detection rate. Results The boys were overweight and obese at 12.27% and 7.65%, respectively. The overweight and obesity rates were 8.71% and 5.25% respectively in boys and girls in Longgang District. The overweight rate of boys and girls was higher than that of obesity. The prevalence of overweight in primary school boys and girls was 14.43% and 10.20%, respectively (χ2 = 24.901, P <0.01). The prevalence of obesity in primary school boys and girls was 10.65% and 7.19% respectively (χ2 = 22.130, P <0.01) The differences were statistically significant. The detection rates of overweight in boys and girls in middle school were 10.10% and 7.16% respectively (χ2 = 16.148, P <0.01). The prevalence rates of obesity in middle school boys and girls were 4.62% and 3.24% (χ2 = 24.990, P <0.01) The differences were statistically significant. Conclusion The problems of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Longgang District, Shenzhen are serious, especially for primary school boys. All schools, communities, families and relevant administrative departments should further strengthen the health education of primary and secondary school students and prevent their overweight and obesity from further spreading.