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目的了解重庆市2015年居民心肌梗死发病及死亡情况,为重庆市心肌梗死防治方案的制定提供科学依据。方法利用2015年重庆市心脑血管事件登记报告系统的数据,按2010年全国第六次普查标准人口构成,采用报告发病/死亡率、标化发病/死亡率等指标,采用Poisson回归模型检验不同人群间率的差异以及随年龄的变化趋势对心肌梗死的发生和死亡情况进行统计分析。结果 2015年重庆市常住人口心肌梗死报告发病率为44.07/10万,其中男49.15/10万,女38.86/10万;标化发病率为34.04/10万,其中男36.69/10万,女31.05/10万。报告死亡率为28.02/10万,其中男29.32/10万,女26.69/10万;标化死亡率为21.84/10万,其中男21.85/10万,女21.76/10万。男性发病率、死亡率均高于女性,但病死率女性高于男性。发病率、死亡率在55岁前较低,55岁后呈快速上升的趋势。各型心肌梗死以前壁急性透壁心肌梗死最多,占总发病例数的50.09%,发病率、病死率亦为最高。结论应加强心脑血管疾病的监测和管理,重点做好老年人(>60岁),尤其是男性老年人的心肌梗死预防控制工作。
Objective To understand the incidence and mortality of myocardial infarction among residents in Chongqing in 2015 and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and treatment programs of myocardial infarction in Chongqing. Methods According to the 2015 cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events registration and reporting system in Chongqing, the population of the sixth national census in 2010 was used, and the incidences of death / mortality and standardized morbidity / mortality were reported. The Poisson regression model was used to test the differences Population differences in rates and changes with age trends in the incidence of myocardial infarction and death were statistically analyzed. Results The incidence of myocardial infarction in resident population in Chongqing was 44.07 / 100,000 in 2015, of which 49.15 / 100,000 were males and 38.86 / females were males. The standardized incidence was 34.04 / 100 000, of which 36.69 / 100,000 were males and 31.05 females /100,000. The reported mortality rate was 28.02 / lakh, of which 29.32 / lakh was male and 26.69 / lakh female, with a standardized mortality rate of 21.84 / lakh, of which 21.85 / lakh was male and 21.76 / lakh female. Male morbidity and mortality were higher than women, but the mortality rate of women than men. The morbidity and mortality rates were lower before age 55 and rapidly increased after 55 years of age. In all types of myocardial infarction, acute transmural myocardial infarction was the most, accounting for 50.09% of the total number of cases, with the highest morbidity and mortality. Conclusion The monitoring and management of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should be strengthened, and the prevention and control of myocardial infarction in the elderly (> 60 years old), especially in the elderly should be emphasized.