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研究冻结层上水地区实用排水措施对解决冻土地区居民因冻结层上水而带来的诸多不便问题具有重要的作用。本文通过以建在永久冻土上最大的城市——雅库茨克市为例进行说明,指出了:(1)永冻区土壤浸没问题给许多居民带来诸多不便;(2)永冻区土壤浸没主要是人们在建设大量砌体结构房屋的同时,还对道路进行改造,铺浇沥青而造成的;(3)矿化冻结层上水的危害主要为其在多年冻土层下的渗漏引发的湿陷现象和其的广泛分布使城区无法进行绿化;(4)永冻区城市排水要求为应从冻土、水文地质和工程地质角度综合考虑,提出合理科学依据,制定实用的保护措施;(5)永冻区城市排水技术方案构建时建议形成统一的相互联系的收集雨水和冻结层上水的三级排水系统。
Studying practical drainage measures in Shenshui district of freezing layer plays an important role in solving many inconveniences caused by freezing water in the frozen soil area. In this paper, taking Yakutsk City, the largest city built on permafrost as an example, this paper shows that: (1) the problem of soil immersion in permafrost area has caused many inconveniences to many residents; (2) Soil submergence is mainly caused by people building a large number of masonry structure houses, but also renovating the road and pouring asphalt; (3) The harm of the water in the mineralized frozen layer is mainly caused by its seepage in the permafrost layer Drainage triggered by the phenomenon of collapse and its widespread distribution of urban areas can not be green; (4) Permafrost urban drainage requirements should be considered from the perspective of frozen soil, hydrogeology and engineering geology, put forward reasonable scientific basis for the development of practical protection measures ; (5) In the construction of the urban drainage technology scheme in Yongzheng District, it is proposed to form a unified inter-related tertiary drainage system for collecting rain water and freezing water.