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关于世界文学的成因，传统偏向于注重民族特殊性的一面，忽略人类普遍性的一面。本文则通过实例举证和理论探讨来阐明如下观点：蕴含着民族性的作品不一定取得世界意义，取得世界意义的作品也不一定就具备民族性。人类的普遍性因素（普遍的人性）才是世界文学的真正成因。笔者认为，深入思考这一问题，对于我们拓宽视野，促使民族文学走向世界不无裨益。
With regard to the causes of world literature, traditions tend to focus on the particularity of the nation and neglect the universality of mankind. This article illustrates the following points through case studies and theoretical discussions: The works that contain nationality may not necessarily achieve world significance, and the works that gain world significance may not necessarily be national. The universality of human beings (universal humanity) is the real cause of world literature. The author believes that thinking deeply about this issue will help us to broaden our horizons and promote ethnic literature to the world.