从决定论到统计分析方法的广泛应用,再到非线性(混沌)理论,随机性与决定论之间矛盾吗?不确定性与确定性之间的相互转换是否仅限于逻辑上的推演?平均到底意味着什么?基于假设检验的结论是脆弱的吗? From the broad application of determinism to statistical analysis methods to the theory of nonlinearity (chaos), is the discrepancy between stochastic and determinism? Is the conversion between uncertainty and certainty limited to logical deduction? Average What exactly does it mean? Is the conclusion based on hypothesis testing fragile?