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利用激光数控加工机对65Mn钢进行表面相变硬化加工,研究激光功率、扫描速度和光斑直径对硬化层深度的影响规律。结果表明,激光处理后,相变区横截面显微组织为月牙形,晶粒较细密。单因素试验结果表明:随着激光功率的增加,硬化层深度增加;随着扫描速度的增加,硬化层深度变浅;随着光斑直径的增加,硬化层深度变浅。二次回归正交旋转组合试验结果表明:影响硬化层深度的因素主次顺序为:激光功率>扫描速度>光斑直径。优化确定出硬化层深度最大时的工艺参数组合为:激光功率为1200 W,扫描速度为900 mm/min,光斑直径为4 mm,硬化层深度为550μm。
The surface transformation hardening process of 65Mn steel was carried out by laser numerical control machine. The influence of laser power, scanning speed and spot diameter on the depth of hardened layer was studied. The results show that after laser treatment, the microstructure of the cross-section of the phase transition zone is crescent-shaped with fine grains. The results of single factor experiment show that the depth of hardened layer increases with the increase of laser power, and the depth of hardened layer becomes shallower with the increase of scanning speed. The depth of hardened layer becomes shallower with the increase of laser spot diameter. Quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test results show that: the main factors affecting the depth of hardened layer order: laser power> scanning speed> spot diameter. The optimized combination of process parameters at a maximum depth of hardened layer of 1200 W at a scanning speed of 900 mm / min with a spot diameter of 4 mm and a hardened depth of 550 μm was optimized.