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作为西太平洋最大的边缘海,南海是地质科学研究和资源勘探开发的热点.本文整理和分析了近年来南海深部过程、洋盆扩张、形成动力学机制及其与含油气盆地耦合关系等研究成果.结果表明,洋盆扩张作为南海形成演化的核心问题,扩张模式与年代、动力学机制以及深部过程均存在较大争议.但普遍认为南海是在伸展作用下,伴随着大规模的岩石圈减薄而形成的.南海含油气盆地广泛发育,均认为其形成演化主要受南海深部动力过程作用的控制,但关于南海深部过程对盆地和油气分布规律的控制作用等基础问题,目前的研究结果尚不能准确回答它们之间的耦合关系.基于前人研究工作,结合本文开展的南海深部构造界面反演,初步建立了南海深部过程及与沉积盆地耦合模型.在此基础之上,建议开展更为细致深入的综合地球物理研究,确定南海深部结构及构造,构建南海深部演变过程,结合南海周缘含油气盆地分布及性质,明确南海深部过程对含油气盆地的控制作用,对比分析南海盆地的油气资源分布特征,从而阐明油气资源与深部构造及过程的关系,以期更好的理解南海深部过程及其对含油气盆地的控制作用.
As the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean, the South China Sea is a hot spot in geosciences research and resource exploration and development.This paper has sorted out and analyzed the research results of the deep processes in the South China Sea, the oceanic basin expansion, the dynamic mechanism of its formation and its coupling with petroliferous basins in recent years The results show that the oceanic basin expansion is the core issue of the evolution and formation of the South China Sea, and there is much controversy between the expansion mode and the age, dynamic mechanism and deep process, but it is generally believed that the South China Sea is under the action of extension and accompanied by large-scale lithospheric reduction Thin and formed.The South China Sea petroliferous basins are widely developed, both of which are believed to be mainly controlled by the deep dynamic process in the South China Sea. However, the basic problems about the control of deep basin processes and hydrocarbon distribution in the South China Sea are still unknown. We can not accurately answer the coupling relationship between them.According to the predecessor’s research work and the inversion of the South China Sea deep tectonic interface in this paper, the South China Sea deep process and the coupled model with the sedimentary basin are preliminarily established.Based on this, Meticulous and in-depth comprehensive geophysical research to determine the deep structure and structure of the South China Sea, the construction of the South Deep evolution process, combined with the distribution and nature of petroliferous basins on the periphery of the South China Sea, the control of the deep processes in the South China Sea on the petroliferous basins is clarified, and the distribution characteristics of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea Basin are comparatively analyzed to elucidate the relationship between oil and gas resources and deep structures and processes. A Good Understanding of the Deep South China Sea Process and Its Control over Petroliferous Basins.