人们集中注意卵母细胞,是近年来在医学实践中采用了体外受精和胚胎移植技术的结果之一。众所周知,这种特化的细胞具有遗传变异性,有利于受精并为胚胎早期发育提供营养等特性。本文旨在追踪卵母细胞在其漫长的形成阶段中的发育并识别调节其成熟的一些重要环节。原始生殖细胞从卵黄囊迁至生殖嵴,经旺盛的有丝分裂后开始减数分裂。在第一次减数分裂的前期以后进入可能长达数年之久的休止期。在每一次卵巢周期中,只有数量依物种而定的几个卵母细胞,选择性地被重新激活且成熟到第二次减数分裂中期,尔后又是一个比较短的休止期,直到卵母细胞受 One of the outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer techniques used in medical practice in recent years has been the focus of attention on oocytes. It is well-known that this specialized cell has genetic variability that facilitates fertilization and provides nutrients and other properties for early embryo development. This article aims to track the development of oocytes during their long formation and to identify some of the important aspects that regulate their maturation. Primitive germ cells migrate from the yolk sac to the genital ridge and begin meiosis after exuberant mitosis. After the first stage of the first meiotic division, it may enter into a probationary period that can take many years. At each ovarian cycle, only a few oocytes, on a species-by-species basis, are selectively reactivated and mature to the second metaphase, followed by a relatively short resting period until the oocyte Cells affected