压力容器作为一种特殊的承压载体,广泛应用到工业的生产生活中,这就对其在使用过程中的安全性提出了要求。传统的结构强度的计算考虑的是静力学的强度,忽略了普遍客观存在于材料上的裂纹缺陷。文章介绍了几种针对压力容器裂纹缺陷的分析方法,以及常用的失效评定图,对传统力学计算结构强度进行了补充。 Pressure vessel as a special pressure carrier, widely used in industrial production and life, which put forward its requirements in the use of the safety. The calculation of the traditional structural strength takes into account the strength of statics, ignoring crack defects that are generally objectively present in the material. In this paper, several analytical methods for crack defects in pressure vessels are introduced, as well as commonly used failure assessment charts to supplement traditional mechanical calculation of structural strength.