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目的了解县城乡镇初中生幸福感水平及其影响因素。方法采用Rosenberg自尊问卷、一般自我效能感量表和中学生应对方式问卷等对706名初中生进行调查。结果觉得“很幸福”或“幸福”的学生占70.4%;女生的幸福感水平显著高于男生(χ2=9.714,P<0.01);家庭经济状况较好的学生,幸福感水平较高(χ2=58.184,P<0.001);幸福感水平年级间无显著差异(χ2=0.471,P>0.05);自尊、自我效能感、问题解决、寻求社会支持、积极的合理化解释得分幸福组显著高于非幸福组(t1=9.257,t2=3.988,t3=4.245,t4=4.150,t5=5.184,Ps<0.001)。忍耐、“幻想、否认”、逃避得分幸福组显著低于非幸福组(t1=-3.090,t2=-3.073,Ps<0.01;t3=-3.830,P<0.001)。家庭经济状况、自尊、寻求社会支持、逃避应对方式能显著预测县城乡镇初中生的幸福感(χ2=136.165,P<0.001)。结论县城乡镇初中生总体上是幸福的,性别、家庭经济状况、自尊、自我效能感和应对方式等因素会影响其幸福感水平,并且家庭经济状况、自尊、寻求社会支持及逃避应对方式能有效预测其幸福感水平。
Objective To understand the level of well-being and its influencing factors of junior high school students in county townships. Methods Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire, general self-efficacy scale and questionnaire of secondary school students were investigated on 706 junior high school students. The results showed that 70.4% of students were “very happy” or “happy”; that of girls was significantly higher than that of boys (χ2 = 9.714, P <0.01); that of students with good family economics was significantly higher than that of boys (Χ2 = 58.184, P <0.001); There was no significant difference in the level of happiness between the grades (χ2 = 0.471, P> 0.05); self-esteem, self-efficacy, problem solving, seeking social support, (T1 = 9.257, t2 = 3.988, t3 = 4.245, t4 = 4.150, t5 = 5.184, Ps <0.001). Patience, “fantasy, denied ”, evasion score happiness group was significantly lower than non-happy group (t1 = -3.090, t2 = -3.073, Ps <0.01; t3 = -3.830, P <0.001). Family economic status, self-esteem, seeking social support and avoiding coping styles can significantly predict the happiness of junior high school students in county, township and town (χ2 = 136.165, P <0.001). Conclusions The junior middle school students in county, town and townships are generally happy. Gender, family economic status, self-esteem, self-efficacy and coping styles and other factors affect their level of well-being. Family economic status, self-esteem, seeking social support and avoiding coping styles are all effective Predict the level of happiness.