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目的:探讨miR-106a模拟体对OA大鼠的影响。方法:将24只S-D雌性大鼠按随机数字表法分为3组，分为假手术组，OA组，miR-106a模拟体治疗组。术后8周，处死所有大鼠，从每只大鼠的胫骨内侧平台分离关节软骨组织。组织病理学观察软骨细胞形态变化、变性数量；检测炎症细胞因子（IL-1、IL-6、TNF-β）水平、凋亡受体p65、DR6蛋白的表达、miR-106aRNA的表达。采用单因素方差分析或LSD-n t检验。n 结果:组织病理染色结果显示，假手术组大鼠关节面及滑膜结构完整，软骨细胞呈水平排列，关节软骨边缘光滑；OA组关节软骨边缘严重破坏，软骨细胞排列紊乱；miR-106a模拟体治疗组大鼠软骨结构趋于正常，偶见不均，关节软骨表面欠光滑。与假手术组相比，OA大鼠软骨中miR-106a的表达明显减少（n F=918.02，n P<0.01）；炎症介质（IL-1、IL-6、TNF-β）在OA组软骨匀浆中的表达也明显增强（n F=41 914.86，n P<0.01；n F=6 485.16，n P<0.01；n F=8 873.31，n P<0.01）；OA组的DR6、p65蛋白表达水平较高（n F=2 319.338，n P<0.01；n F=1 253.882，n P<0.01）。与OA组相比，miR-106a模拟体治疗组炎症介质（IL-1、IL-6、TNF-β）明显降低（1.270±0.020，6.040±0.170，5.690±0.080），DR6、p65蛋白2种蛋白表达均减轻（1.53±0.09，0.41±0.04）。n 结论:miR-106a模拟体可减轻OA大鼠的炎症改变，减少软骨细胞的退行性改变。“,”Objective:To investigate the effect of miR-106a on osteoarthritis.Methods:Twenty-four S-D female rats were randomly divided into three groupsaccording to the random number table: the sham operation group, the osteoarthritis (OA) group and the miR-106a mimic group. Eightweeks after operation, all rats were killed and articular cartilage was separated from the medial tibial plateau of each rat. Histopathology was used to observe the morphological changes and denatured quantity of chondrocytes, the level of inflamm-atory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-βn 1], the expression of apoptosis receptor p65, DR6 protein and the expression of mir-106a RNA. The mean between groups was compared by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the least significant difference (LSD)-n t test was used for the comparison between the two groups.n Results:Histopathological staining results showed that the articular surface and synovium of rats in the sham operation group were intact, the chondrocytes were arranged horizontally, and the articular cartilage edge was smooth.In the OA group, the articular cartilage edge was seriously damaged and the arrangement of chondrocytes was disordered.In the miR-106a simulation group, the cartilage structure tended to be normal, occasionally uneven, and the articular cartilage surface was not smooth. Compared with sham operation group, the expression of miR-106a in OA group was significantly decreased (n F=918.02, n P<0.01); the expression of inflammatory mediators (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-β) in OA group was also signifi-cantly increased (n F=41 914.86, n P<0.01;n F=64 85.16, n P<0.01;n F=8 873.31, n P<0.01). The expression levels of DR6 and p65 in OA group were higher (n F=2 319.338, n P<0.01;n F=1 253.882, n P<0.01). Compared with OA group, the levels of inflammatory mediators (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-β) in miR-106a mimetic group were significantly decreased (1.270±0.020, 6.040±0.170, 5.690±0.080), and the expressions of DR6 and p65 were decreased (1.53±0.09, 0.41±0.04).n Conclusion:miR-106a can reduce the inflammatory changes and the degeneration of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis rats.