农业非点源污染是典型的负外部行为,但非点源污染的发生与点源污染有着显著不同的特征,这就决定了非点源污染外部性内部化方法的独特性。相比之下,采用政府直接管制和庇古手段的效果更加明显,关键是如何提高政府管制的效率并不断完善税费系统,而科斯手段在这方面难以发挥重要的作用。社会准则约束的方法在控制非点源污染方面也有独到的效果。 Non-point source pollution in agriculture is a typical negative external behavior, but the occurrence of non-point source pollution and point source pollution have significantly different characteristics, which determines the non-point source pollution externalization of the uniqueness of the method. In contrast, the direct government control and Pigou’s measures are more effective. The key is how to improve the efficiency of government regulation and constantly improve the tax system. However, it is very difficult for Coase to play an important role in this regard. The methods of social regulation are also unique in controlling non-point source pollution.