《侵权责任法》规定了过错责任原则作为医疗过错归责的基本原则。根据现代侵权法理论,医疗过错的评断已经建立了客观的判定标准,即医疗注意义务。本文对医疗过错的基本理论、医疗过错的判断标准以及在认定医疗过错中应考虑的客观因素进行阐述,以期增强医疗行为的法律意识,提高司法审判的公正性和效率性。 Tort Liability Act lays down the principle of fault liability as the basic principle of liability for medical malpractice. According to the modern theory of tort law, the judgment of medical malpractice has established an objective criterion, that is, medical care obligations. This article expounds the basic theory of medical malpractice, the judgment standard of medical malpractice and the objective factors that should be considered in determining medical malpractice in order to enhance the legal consciousness of medical behavior and enhance the fairness and efficiency of judicial trial.