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目的探讨执行远洋护航任务官兵的心身症状特点及与应对方式的关系,为进行心理干预提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、应付方式问卷(CSQ)和一般资料问卷对整群抽样的某舰艇233名官兵进行测评和分析,将第一次执行护航任务官兵与第二次执行任务官兵数据进行比较。结果远洋护航任务官兵SCL-90的10个因子分均低于中国军队常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),躯体化因子与附加项目因子得分与中国地方常模相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子均显著低于中国地方常模(P<0.05);第一次执行护航任务官兵SCL-90各因子得分与第二次执行任务官兵相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),CSQ幻想分量表得分低于第二次护航官兵,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相关分析显示SCL-90各因子分与CSQ解决问题、求助分量表得分呈显著负相关(r=-0.003~-0.156,P<0.05),与自责、幻想、退避、合理化分量表得分呈显著正相关(r=0.291~0.533,P<0.05)。结论执行远洋护航任务官兵心身状态良好;第二次执行任务官兵与第一次执行任务官兵身心状态无明显差异;成熟型应对方式是维护执行护航任务官兵心身健康的重要因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between psychosomatic symptoms and coping styles and the coping styles of officers and soldiers in carrying out ocean escort missions and provide the basis for psychological intervention. Methods A total of 233 officers and men of a certain naval vessel in the cluster sampling were assessed and analyzed by using SCL-90, CSQ and general information questionnaire. The officers and soldiers who carried out the first escort mission and the second Executive officer data comparison. Results The scores of SCL-90 scores of SCL-90 officers in COSCO were lower than that of Chinese norm (P <0.05). There was no statistic difference between somatization factor and additive project scores (P> 0.05). The symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoid and psychotic factors were significantly lower than those in China (P <0.05) (P> 0.05). The score of CSQ fantasy subscale was lower than that of the second convoy, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed no significant difference The scores of SCL-90 and CSQ were negatively correlated (r = -0.003 ~ -0.156, P <0.05), and were significantly correlated with self-blame, fantasy, evasion and rationalization subscales (r = 0.291 ~ 0.533, P <0.05). Conclusions The officers and men in carrying out ocean-going escort missions have good physical and mental status. There is no significant difference in body and mind between the officers and men in the second mission and those in the first mission. The mature coping style is an important factor in maintaining the mental and physical health of officers and men in escort missions.