论文部分内容阅读
目的依据国际航空适航标准,对消毒剂进行适航性安全评价,并探讨其剂量-时间-效应关系及影响因素,为民航应对全球传染病疫情,有效实施航空器卫生处置提供科学依据。方法 (1)依据SAE AMS 1452标准方法,对8类消毒剂进行闪点测试、全浸泡腐蚀试验、夹层腐蚀试验、聚丙烯酸酯应力银纹化试验、聚碳酸酯应力银纹化试验、涂漆表面、橡胶的影响试验及Tadllar影响试验。(2)以SAE腐蚀标准为效应指标,测试有机氯类和过氧化氢类消毒剂在最高有效作用浓度下,12个作用时间点(每30 min)航空金属试件的质量变化。结果季铵盐类、胍类、酚类、二溴海因消毒剂的各项指标符合SAE AMS 1452标准要求,闪点>95℃;航空金属材料质量变化值为(0.06±0.03)mg/cm2、航空密封橡胶(BMS1-63)体积变化率(0.01±0.02)%、延伸率变化(0.01±0.01)%、拉伸强度变化率(0.01±0.16)%,未出现沾污、变色或明显降解现象;航空塑料无银纹化效应及Tadllar影响效应。有机氯类和过氧化氢消毒剂对航空铝合金(7075-T6)作用24 h后,质量变化分别为(0.57±0.02)mg/cm2、(0.71±0.05)mg/cm2,飞机密封橡胶(BMS1-63)出现沾污、变色现象。结论季铵盐类、胍类、酚类、二溴海因消毒剂对飞机材料具有兼容性,符合国际航空适航安全标准,可作为航空器预防性消毒的优先选择成分。有机氯和过氧化氢类消毒剂对航空金属材料具有腐蚀作用,但在有效作用时间(30 min)内和最高有效浓度(枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢的杀灭对数值>5.00)下,对飞机材料的损害作用可满足SAE适航限定标准,可作为染疫航空器终末消毒及其他突发公共卫生事件情况下的高效消毒剂首选,但在使用过程中,应严格控制作用时间及清洗操作规范,确保飞机安全。消毒剂浓度、添加剂、复合成分、作用时间均是影响消毒剂对飞机安全和损害的主要影响因素。
Objective To evaluate the airworthiness safety of disinfectants according to the international standards of airworthiness and to explore the relationship between dose-time-effect and its influencing factors so as to provide a scientific basis for civil aviation to deal with the global epidemic situation and effectively implement aircraft sanitation disposal. Methods (1) According to the SAE AMS 1452 standard method, 8 types of disinfectants were tested by flash point, immersion corrosion test, interlayer corrosion test, polyacrylate stress silvering test, polycarbonate stress silvering test, painting Surface, rubber impact test and Tadllar impact test. (2) Based on the SAE corrosion criterion, the quality changes of aeronautic metal specimens at the 12 action time points (every 30 min) were tested at the highest effective concentration of the organochlorine and hydrogen peroxide disinfectants. Results The indexes of quaternary ammonium salts, guanidines, phenols and dibromohexin disinfectants met the requirements of SAE AMS 1452 standard with a flash point> 95 ℃. The mass change of aviation metal material was (0.06 ± 0.03) mg / cm2 , The volume change rate (0.01 ± 0.02)%, the change rate of elongation (0.01 ± 0.01)% and the rate of change of tensile strength (0.01 ± 0.16)% of the aviation sealing rubber (BMS1-63) Phenomenon; aeronautical plastic silver-free grain effect and Tadllar effect. (0.57 ± 0.02) mg / cm2, (0.71 ± 0.05) mg / cm2, and the mechanical properties of the aircraft seal rubber (BMS1) after exposure to 7075-T6 for 24 h. -63) appeared contamination, discoloration. Conclusions Quaternary ammonium salts, guanidines, phenols and dibromo-marine disinfectants are compatible with aircraft materials and comply with the international airworthiness and safety standards and can be used as the preferential choice for the prophylactic disinfection of aircraft. Organochlorine and hydrogen peroxide disinfectants have a corrosive effect on aeronautical metallic materials. However, aerosols, which have a corrosive effect on aeronautical metallic materials, have been tested for their effectiveness against aerosols (up to 30 min) and at their most effective concentrations (the killing logarithm of Bacillus subtilis sp.> 5.00) Of the damage can meet the SAE airworthiness limited standards, can be used as a terminal disinfection of infected aircraft and other public health emergency case of highly effective disinfectant of choice, but the use of the process, should strictly control the action time and cleaning practices, Make sure the aircraft is safe. The concentration of disinfectant, additives, compounding ingredients and action time are the main factors that affect the safety and damage of disinfectants to aircraft.