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一、概况 杜仲(Eucommai ulmoides)是杜仲科落叶乔木。全世界只有一种,为地质史上第三纪残留下来的古生树种,我国特产。 杜仲分布区域很广,北纬22°～42°、东经100°～120°都有分布,绵延2000多公里。垂直分布一般在200～1300米之间,全国15个省(区)都有,其中主产区为贵州、湘西、鄂西、川北、陕南等。从杜仲药材产量看,贵州居全国第一,陕西次之,湖北第三。据不完全统计,全国杜仲栽培面积在500万亩以上。 目前,杜仲皮除了药用外,还能生产杜仲酒、杜仲烟等产品,而杜仲叶还没有被利用。
I. Overview Eucommai (Eucommai ulmoides) Eucomma deciduous trees. There is only one species in the world, which is the ancient tree species left by Tertiary in the geological history and is a special product of our country. Eucommia distribution area is very wide, latitude 22 ° ~ 42 °, longitude 100 ° ~ 120 ° are distributed over 2,000 kilometers. Vertical distribution of 200 to 1300 meters in general, the country’s 15 provinces (regions) have, of which the main producing areas of Guizhou, western Hunan, western Hubei, northern Sichuan, southern Shaanxi and so on. From the Eucommia medicinal output, Guizhou ranks first in the country, followed by Shaanxi, Hubei third. According to incomplete statistics, the cultivation area of Eucommia in China is more than 5 million mu. Currently, Eucommia in addition to medicinal, but also produce Eucommia wine, Eucommia smoke and other products, and Eucommia have not been used.