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目的了解乌鲁木齐市孤残儿童高血压发生的危险因素,为预防方案的制定提供科学依据。方法收集2012年1月—2015年3月孤残儿童的年龄、身高、体重、BMI、腰围、性别、民族、高血压等。计量资料比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用χ2检验,多因素回归分析采用二分类Logistic回归分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 412名3~16岁儿童参加此次调查研究,平均年龄为(9.15±4.01)岁,其中男192名,女220名。高血压与非高血压患儿的BMI、睡眠时长、儿童社交焦虑情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。乌鲁木齐市孤残儿童高血压发生的危险因素主要为:BMI(OR=3.213,95%CI为1.400~7.373)、睡眠时长(OR=2.378,95%CI为1.106~5.110)、儿童社交焦虑评分(OR=3.339,95%CI为1.410~7.911)。结论乌鲁木齐市孤残儿童高血压发生的影响因素为BMI、睡眠时长及社交焦虑评分,应对乌鲁木齐市孤残儿童提前进行心理疏导、饮食指导等达到控制孤残儿童高血压发生的目的。
Objective To understand the risk factors of hypertension in orphans and disabled children in Urumqi and to provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention programs. Methods The age, height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, gender, ethnicity, and hypertension of orphans and disabled children were collected from January 2012 to March 2015. Measurement data were compared using t test, count data were compared usingχ2 test, multivariate regression analysis using binary Logistic regression analysis, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results A total of 412 children aged 3-16 years old participated in the survey. The average age was (9.15 ± 4.01) years old, including 192 males and 220 females. BMI, sleep duration and social anxiety in children with hypertension and non-hypertension were significantly different (all P <0.05). The risk factors of hypertension in orphans and disabled children in Urumqi were as follows: BMI (OR = 3.213, 95% CI: 1.400-7.373), duration of sleep (OR = 2.378, 95% CI: 1.106-5.110), social anxiety score OR = 3.339, 95% CI 1.410 ~ 7.911). Conclusion The influencing factors of hypertension in children with orphans and disabilities in Urumqi are BMI, sleep duration and social anxiety scores. Psychological counseling and diet guidance should be given to the children with orphans and disabilities in Urumqi in order to control hypertension in orphans and disabled children.