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在中国马克思主义哲学界,存在着三种类型的实践观,其间的根本区别主要在于对于理论与实践关系的理解,以及在这种理解中所做的本体论预设。在第一种实践观之中,理论与实践之间只有一种外在的关联,即实践只是获取感性材料和验证认识真理性的手段。而在后两种实践观之中,这一关系则是内在的,但在第二种实践观中,实践实际上已经被理论化了,成了理论体系中的一个奠基性要素,而在第三种实践观中,理论活动则被视为实践活动的一个要素,理论被还原为了一种特别的实践活动。三种实践观对应着三种哲学思维范式:第一种对应于实体性哲学,第二种对应于主体性哲学,而只有第三种实践观才构成了实践哲学的基础,在此基础上才能真正实现哲学的实践转向。
In China’s Marxist philosophy, there are three types of practices, the fundamental difference between them mainly lies in the understanding of the relationship between theory and practice, as well as the ontology presupposition made in this understanding. In the first view of practice, there is only one external connection between theory and practice, that is, practice is only a means of obtaining perceptual material and of verifying the truth of understanding. In the latter two views of practice, however, the relationship is intrinsic, but in the second view of practice practice has actually been theorized and has become the foundational element of the theoretical system. In the second Of the three practices, theoretical activity is regarded as an element of practical activity and theory is restored as a special practical activity. The three views of practice correspond to three paradigms of philosophical thinking: the first corresponds to substantive philosophy, the second corresponds to subjectivity philosophy, and only the third concept of practice constitutes the basis of practical philosophy, on the basis of which Truly realize the turn of philosophical practice.