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首次采用Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge钎料对Cu/Al异种金属进行了炉中钎焊,分别从钎料的熔化特性、铺展润湿性、Cu侧界面组织以及钎焊接头强度等方面进行了系统研究,并与Zn-22Al钎料钎焊结果进行对比。结果表明,Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge钎料具有较低的熔化温度(约541℃),同时在Cu、Al母材上均具有良好的铺展润湿性。Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge/Cu界面由CuAl_2/CuAl/Cu_3Al_2三层化合物组成,其中CuAl和Cu_3Al_2呈层状,厚度较薄,仅为1~2 mm;CuAl_2呈胞状,平均厚度约为3 mm。Zn-22Al/Cu界面结构为CuAl_2/CuAl/Cu_9Al_4,其中CuAl_2层平均厚度高达15 mm。接头抗剪切强度测试结果表明,Zn-22Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头抗剪切强度仅为42.7 MPa,而Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头具有更高的抗剪切强度,为53.4 MPa。
For the first time, Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge brazing filler metal was used to braze Cu / Al dissimilar metals in the furnace, respectively from the aspects of melting properties, spreading wettability, interface structure of Cu side and the strength of brazed joints The system was studied and compared with the brazing results of Zn-22Al solder. The results show that the Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge filler metal has a lower melting temperature (about 541 ℃), and has good spreading wettability on the base metal of Cu and Al. The Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge / Cu interface consists of CuAl_2 / CuAl / Cu_3Al_2 three-layered compounds, of which CuAl and Cu_3Al_2 are layered and thin, only 1 ~ 2 mm; CuAl_2 is cellular, with an average thickness of about 3 mm . The interface structure of Zn-22Al / Cu is CuAl_2 / CuAl / Cu_9Al_4, in which the average thickness of CuAl_2 layer is up to 15 mm. The shear strength test results of the joints show that the shear strength of the Cu / Al joint brazed with Zn-22Al brazing filler metal is only 42.7 MPa, while the brazed Cu / Al joint of the Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge brazing filler has higher resistance Shear strength, 53.4 MPa.