论文部分内容阅读
一般现在时是中学英语重要语法,也是中考重要考点,学习时应注意下列几点:
一、掌握一般现在时的概念
一般现在时常表示现在持续性动作或存在的状态或现在经常性、习惯性动作,也可表示与现在有关的特殊动作。
二、掌握一般现在时的用法
1.表示现在持续性动作或存在的状态。
此时与之搭配的时间状语有now, at present等。
He is a teacher now. 现在他是个教师。
She lives in Beijing at present.
目前她住在北京。
2.表示现阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
此时与之搭配的时间状语有often, sometimes, usually, always, seldom, in the morning, every day, on Sunday等。
He is always ready to help others.
他总是乐于助人。
The students have sports at five every afternoon.
同学们每天下午5:00进行体育运动。
He is never late for school. 他上学从来不迟到。
3.表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理。
Three plus two is five. 3加2等于5。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。
A plane is faster than a car. 飞机比汽车快。
4.时间状语从句和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨,我就呆在家里。
She’ll go to see him as soon as she arrives. 她一到达就去看他。
I will go there unless it rains. 除非天下雨,否则我会去那里。
5.宾语从句的主句用过去时态时,如果从句所述内容是客观真理,谓语动词仍用一般现在时。
He said the earth is round. 他说地球是圆的。
The teacher told her pupils that the sun rises in the east. 老师告诉学生太阳从东边升起。
6.表示已安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态。
此时谓语动词通常为be, come, go, arrive, leave, start等。
My birthday falls on May 2. 我的生日是5月2日。
The meeting is at 2:00 p.m. 下午2:00开会。
His ship leaves at 9:00 a.m. 他乘坐的轮船上午9:00起锚。
7.here, there开头的句子常用一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作。
There goes the bell. Let’s hurry!铃响了,快点!
Here comes the teacher. 老师来了。
三、熟悉一般现在时句型变换方法
当一般现在时谓语动词为is, am, are时,可将is, am, are提至句首变成一般疑问句;is, am, are后面加上not构成否定句;构成反意疑问句时应保留is, am, are形式。当一般现在时谓语动词为一般实义动词时,疑问句、否定句和反意疑问句的构成应借助于助动词do, does, don’t, doesn’t来进行。
Does he study very hard? 他学习很认真吗?
She isn’t a student now. 她现在不是学生。
She looks like a teacher, doesn’t she? 她看起来像教师,是吗?
四、掌握一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
一般现在时与现在进行时均表动作与现在有关,但侧重点有所不同。一般现在时表示现在持续性动作或存在状态,或现阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态,它所表示的时间概念较长,往往为时间段;现在进行时则表示动作此刻正在进行,它所表示的时间较短,实际上是一个时间点。
He is a teacher but he is not teaching in the classroom now.
目前他是一个教师,但他此刻不在教室上课。
He is playing football on the playground, but he is not a football player.
他正在操场上踢球,但他不是足球运动员。
He likes to listen to music and he is listening to the radio.
他喜欢听音乐,而此刻也正在听收音机。
巩固性练习:
1. It seems that he often ____ in class.
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. will speak
2. At present he ____ a doctor.
A. is B. will be C. has been D. had been
3. He ____ to school at six every day.
A. will go B. is going C. goes D. has gone
4. ——How often ____ home?
——Every three weeks.
A. does he go B. will he go C. is he gone D. has he gone
5. Look!Here ____ the bus.
A. is coming B. will come C. has come D. comes
6. He likes English very much, ____ he?
A. does B. will C. doesn’t D. won’t
7. Everybody knows that two and two ____ four.
A. is B. are C. will be D. has been
8. She hardly knows it, ____ she?
A. does B. doesn’t C. do D. will
9. She told me the earth ____ bigger than the sun.
A. was B. is C. seemed D. would be
10. It is said the train ____ at seven tomorrow evening.
A. leaves B. shall leave C. has left D. had left
11. We must be careful. Cotton ____ fire easily.
A. catches B. will catch C. is catching D. has caught
12. My mother ____ Mrs Lin quite well. They were introduced at a party.
A. is knowing B. was knowing C. knows D. had been knowing
13. The World Cup usually ____ two years after the Olympics.
A. takes place B. is taken place C. holds D. is holding
14. Mrs Brown’s daughter often ____ the popular music over the radio.
A. listen B. listening C. listen to D. listens to
15. Our teacher told us that the moon ____ round the earth.
A. went B. turned C. go D. turns
16. The teacher said the sun ____ nine planets.
A. has B. will have C. is having D. would have
17. If it ____ tomorrow, I’ll not go to Beijing.
A. rain B. rains C. is raining D. will rain
18. My father usually ____ TV far into the night.
A. will watch B. is watching C. has watched D. watches
19. The sun ____ in the east and sets in the west.
A. is rising B. will rise C. rises D. has risen
20. Mary ____ to watch the old woman’s clothes twice a week.
A. goes B. is going C. has gone D. had gone
21. It is said that he ____ a computer now.
A. will have B. would have C. is having D. has
22. I usually ____ up late.
A. am staying B. will stay C. stay D. have stayed
23. My mother and I ____ free tomorrow.
A. are not B. have not been C. will not be D. had not been
24. Half a century ____ fifty years.
A. is meaning B. has meant C. will mean D. means
25. James usually ____ morning exercise, but this morning he did.
A. does not do B. will not do C. is not doing D. has not done
Key:1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.D 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.A 21.D 22.C 23.C 24.D 25.A
一、掌握一般现在时的概念
一般现在时常表示现在持续性动作或存在的状态或现在经常性、习惯性动作,也可表示与现在有关的特殊动作。
二、掌握一般现在时的用法
1.表示现在持续性动作或存在的状态。
此时与之搭配的时间状语有now, at present等。
He is a teacher now. 现在他是个教师。
She lives in Beijing at present.
目前她住在北京。
2.表示现阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
此时与之搭配的时间状语有often, sometimes, usually, always, seldom, in the morning, every day, on Sunday等。
He is always ready to help others.
他总是乐于助人。
The students have sports at five every afternoon.
同学们每天下午5:00进行体育运动。
He is never late for school. 他上学从来不迟到。
3.表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理。
Three plus two is five. 3加2等于5。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。
A plane is faster than a car. 飞机比汽车快。
4.时间状语从句和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨,我就呆在家里。
She’ll go to see him as soon as she arrives. 她一到达就去看他。
I will go there unless it rains. 除非天下雨,否则我会去那里。
5.宾语从句的主句用过去时态时,如果从句所述内容是客观真理,谓语动词仍用一般现在时。
He said the earth is round. 他说地球是圆的。
The teacher told her pupils that the sun rises in the east. 老师告诉学生太阳从东边升起。
6.表示已安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态。
此时谓语动词通常为be, come, go, arrive, leave, start等。
My birthday falls on May 2. 我的生日是5月2日。
The meeting is at 2:00 p.m. 下午2:00开会。
His ship leaves at 9:00 a.m. 他乘坐的轮船上午9:00起锚。
7.here, there开头的句子常用一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作。
There goes the bell. Let’s hurry!铃响了,快点!
Here comes the teacher. 老师来了。
三、熟悉一般现在时句型变换方法
当一般现在时谓语动词为is, am, are时,可将is, am, are提至句首变成一般疑问句;is, am, are后面加上not构成否定句;构成反意疑问句时应保留is, am, are形式。当一般现在时谓语动词为一般实义动词时,疑问句、否定句和反意疑问句的构成应借助于助动词do, does, don’t, doesn’t来进行。
Does he study very hard? 他学习很认真吗?
She isn’t a student now. 她现在不是学生。
She looks like a teacher, doesn’t she? 她看起来像教师,是吗?
四、掌握一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
一般现在时与现在进行时均表动作与现在有关,但侧重点有所不同。一般现在时表示现在持续性动作或存在状态,或现阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态,它所表示的时间概念较长,往往为时间段;现在进行时则表示动作此刻正在进行,它所表示的时间较短,实际上是一个时间点。
He is a teacher but he is not teaching in the classroom now.
目前他是一个教师,但他此刻不在教室上课。
He is playing football on the playground, but he is not a football player.
他正在操场上踢球,但他不是足球运动员。
He likes to listen to music and he is listening to the radio.
他喜欢听音乐,而此刻也正在听收音机。
巩固性练习:
1. It seems that he often ____ in class.
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. will speak
2. At present he ____ a doctor.
A. is B. will be C. has been D. had been
3. He ____ to school at six every day.
A. will go B. is going C. goes D. has gone
4. ——How often ____ home?
——Every three weeks.
A. does he go B. will he go C. is he gone D. has he gone
5. Look!Here ____ the bus.
A. is coming B. will come C. has come D. comes
6. He likes English very much, ____ he?
A. does B. will C. doesn’t D. won’t
7. Everybody knows that two and two ____ four.
A. is B. are C. will be D. has been
8. She hardly knows it, ____ she?
A. does B. doesn’t C. do D. will
9. She told me the earth ____ bigger than the sun.
A. was B. is C. seemed D. would be
10. It is said the train ____ at seven tomorrow evening.
A. leaves B. shall leave C. has left D. had left
11. We must be careful. Cotton ____ fire easily.
A. catches B. will catch C. is catching D. has caught
12. My mother ____ Mrs Lin quite well. They were introduced at a party.
A. is knowing B. was knowing C. knows D. had been knowing
13. The World Cup usually ____ two years after the Olympics.
A. takes place B. is taken place C. holds D. is holding
14. Mrs Brown’s daughter often ____ the popular music over the radio.
A. listen B. listening C. listen to D. listens to
15. Our teacher told us that the moon ____ round the earth.
A. went B. turned C. go D. turns
16. The teacher said the sun ____ nine planets.
A. has B. will have C. is having D. would have
17. If it ____ tomorrow, I’ll not go to Beijing.
A. rain B. rains C. is raining D. will rain
18. My father usually ____ TV far into the night.
A. will watch B. is watching C. has watched D. watches
19. The sun ____ in the east and sets in the west.
A. is rising B. will rise C. rises D. has risen
20. Mary ____ to watch the old woman’s clothes twice a week.
A. goes B. is going C. has gone D. had gone
21. It is said that he ____ a computer now.
A. will have B. would have C. is having D. has
22. I usually ____ up late.
A. am staying B. will stay C. stay D. have stayed
23. My mother and I ____ free tomorrow.
A. are not B. have not been C. will not be D. had not been
24. Half a century ____ fifty years.
A. is meaning B. has meant C. will mean D. means
25. James usually ____ morning exercise, but this morning he did.
A. does not do B. will not do C. is not doing D. has not done
Key:1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.D 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.A 21.D 22.C 23.C 24.D 25.A