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红壤旱地是我国南方亚热带地区十分重要的土壤类型,其酸性较强,pH值一般在6.0以下、交换性酸含量在4.4 cmol(+)kg-1以上;且土壤有机质含量较低,普通旱地含量通常在20g kg-1以下;养分含量不高,全氮和全磷含量通常在1.0g kg-1左右、速效磷含量一般在10mg kg-1甚至5mg kg-1以下、速效钾含量大多低于100mg kg-1。施肥是影响红壤旱地肥力的重要因素之一,有机无机肥配合施用有利于红壤肥力的提高;而利用方式对红壤旱地肥力的影响主要通过施肥和作物对养分的吸收利用。根据红壤旱地的肥力现状及该地区农业发展的需要,提出了应加强养分平衡与流失规律、土壤性质调控与改良、高效利用与管理模式以及长期定位监测等方面的研究。
The red soil arid land is a very important soil type in the southern subtropics of our country. It has a strong acidity, the pH value is generally below 6.0 and the exchangeable acid content is above 4.4 cmol (+) kg-1. The soil organic matter content is low, Usually less than 20g kg-1; nutrient content is not high, total nitrogen and total phosphorus content is usually about 1.0g kg-1, available phosphorus content is generally 10mgkg-1 or even below 5mgkg-1, most of the available potassium content below 100 mg kg-1. Fertilization is one of the important factors that affect the fertility of red soil dryland. Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers is beneficial to the increase of fertility of red soil. However, the fertilization of red soil dryland and the utilization of nutrients are mainly affected by the way of application. According to the status quo of red soil arid fertility and the need of agricultural development in the region, the paper puts forward the research that should strengthen the laws of nutrient balance and loss, the regulation and improvement of soil properties, efficient utilization and management mode and long-term positioning monitoring.