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考古发现提供的大量资料揭示,汉代画像墓葬是从汉武帝时期开始出现的。这种现象的产生绝非偶然,社会经济的发展和社会制度的变革,促使汉代社会生活领域各个方面都发生了较大的转变,其中社会礼俗与丧葬制度也发生了显著的变化。与之相适应的,还有思想观念方面的变化,以及绘画艺术的发达和表现形式的多样化。汉代厚葬之风的滥觞与蔓延,与当时儒家传统的孝道观念趋于政治化也有很大的关系。正是这些相互交融的多重因素,对汉代画像墓葬的产生起了重要的催化作用。所以用历史的眼光来看,汉代画像墓葬也可以说是一种时代潮流的产物。直到东汉末期,当社会发生深刻变化之时,画像墓葬才不可避免地衰落了,也才为后世其他墓葬形式所取代。
The large amount of information provided by archaeological discoveries reveals that the tombs of the Han Dynasty portrait began to emerge from the period of Emperor Wudi. The occurrence of this phenomenon is by no means a coincidence. The development of social economy and the reform of social system have led to a great change in all aspects of social life in the Han Dynasty. Social etiquette and funeral arrangements have also undergone significant changes. Correspondingly, there are also changes in ideas and concepts as well as the development of the art of painting and the diversification of forms of expression. The origination and spread of the burial style in Han Dynasty also had a great relation with the politicization of Confucian traditional filial piety. It is these multiple factors that blend with each other and play an important catalytic role in the production of portraits in the Han Dynasty. Therefore, from a historical perspective, the portrait tombs of the Han Dynasty can also be said to be a product of the trend of the times. It was not until the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty when the profound changes took place in the society that the portrait tombs inevitably declined and they were replaced by other tombs of later generations.