焦虑也许比我们想象的更常见,它是生活的一部分。例如进入大学的第一周,刚到一个新的工作环境都会感到焦虑,再比如生病住院或有了第一个孩子也会有同样的感觉。事实上,任何时候第一次做某件事情都会感到焦虑,只是因为第一次我们根本不知道将发生什么,也就是说我们的认知体系中没有相应的构念来解释和预测这些事件。所谓构念就是指我们建构的关于世界及世界是如何作用的自我观点,和我们平常所说的世界观很类似。Kelly认为当人们没有适当的 Anxiety may be more common than we think, it is part of life. For example, in the first week of college, you feel anxious when you first arrive in a new work environment. For example, you feel sick when you are hospitalized or you have your first child. In fact, any time you do something for the first time, you feel anxious just because for the first time we have no idea what will happen, that is, there is no corresponding construct in our cognitive system to interpret and predict these events. Constructivism refers to the self-concept we construct about how the world and the world function and is similar to what we commonly call the world outlook. Kelly thinks when people are not right