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怎样分析人类中某一性状是由一对完全显性的常染色体基因所控制。要解决这个问题,首先要证明 Snyder 公式。即在一个大的随机婚配的群体中,如果基因 A 对 a 为完全显性;基因 A 的频率为 p,a 的频率为 q,则在显性个体与显性个体的婚配中,子代中隐性个体数与子代个体总数之比为(q/(1+q))~2,在显性个体与隐性个体的婚配中,子代中隐性个体数与子代个体总数之比为 q/(1+q)。证明:因为在一个大的随机婚配的群体中,个体基因型 A A、Aa、aa 的频率则分别为p~2、2pq、q~2,群体中个体间婚配频率及子代基因型频率如下表:
How to analyze a trait in a human being is controlled by a pair of perfectly dominant autosomal genes. To solve this problem, we must first prove the Snyder formula. That is, in a large randomized marriage group, if gene A is completely dominant to a, frequency of gene A is p, and frequency of a is q, then in the marriage of the dominant individual and the dominant individual, The ratio of the number of recessive individuals to the total number of offspring individuals is (q / (1 + q)) ~ 2. In the match of dominant individuals and recessive individuals, the ratio of the number of recessive individuals to the total number of offspring individuals Is q / (1 + q). Proof: Because the frequencies of AA, Aa and AA in individuals with a large randomized marriage are p ~ 2, 2pq and q ~ 2 respectively, the frequency of marriage and the frequency of offspring genotypes in the population are shown in the following table :