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目的:探讨对精神分裂症患者不同病程进行健康教育的临床效果。方法:将我院120例精神分裂症患者出院后的康复资料进行回顾性研究。将这120例患者随机分为电话回访研究组、社区教育研究组和对照组,每组各有40例患者。为电话回访研究组患者使用电话回访的方式进行健康教育,为社区教育研究组患者使用社区系统教育的方式进行健康教育,对照组患者则不接受相关的健康教育。在患者出院一年后,比较三组患者精神卫生知识的知晓率、病情的复发率、再次入院的比率及其PSP评分和PANSS评分。结果:在患者出院一年后,进行电话回访研究组患者和进行社区教育研究组患者的精神卫生知识的知晓率均明显高于对照组患者,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。进行电话回访研究组患者和进行社区教育研究组患者的病情复发率及再次入院率均明显低于对照组患者,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。进行电话回访研究组患者和进行社区教育研究组患者的PSP评分、PANSS评分均明显优于对照组患者,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:对精神分裂症患者使用电话回访的方式和社区系统教育的方式进行健康教育,均可降低其病情的复发率,明显地改善其精神症状,提高其社会功能。其中,进行社区系统教育的患者,其精神症状的改善效果更为显著。
Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of health education on different course of schizophrenia patients. Methods: 120 cases of schizophrenia in our hospital after discharge from the rehabilitation data were retrospectively studied. The 120 patients were randomly divided into telephone return study group, community education research group and control group, each group has 40 patients. Health education was conducted by phone call back to patients in the study group using telephone interview, health education was conducted by using community system education for patients in community education research group, and patients in control group were not related to health education. One year after the patient was discharged, the awareness of mental health knowledge, the relapse rate of the disease, the rate of rehospitalization, the PSP score and the PANSS score were compared among the three groups. Results: One year after the patient was discharged, the awareness rate of mental health knowledge in patients who were in the telephone interview study group and those in the community education research group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The recurrence rate and rehospitalization rate of the study group and the community education research group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). The PSP scores and PANSS scores of the study group and the community education study group were significantly better than those of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The health education of schizophrenia patients using telephone interview and community system education can reduce the recurrence rate of their illness, significantly improve their psychiatric symptoms and improve their social functions. Among them, the education of community system patients, the improvement of mental symptoms more pronounced.