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Abstract: Current second language teaching methodologies suggest that there is a benefit in switching from the traditional teacher-centered class to a learner-centered class. This paper summarizes the basic roles of modern teachers and elementary necessities of a qualified English teacher.
Key words: English teaching, teachers, modern roles, elementary necessities
The concept of “role” is a popular term in language teaching. Teachers’ and learners’ expectations in language acquisition determine the roles that each performs in the process of language learning.
1. Different roles of English teacher in traditional and modern pedagogy
Karavas Dukas held a study with a multicultural group of experienced teachers from different countries. These teachers were asked what roles they performed in their teaching activities. The answers were summarized as follow:
The above table shows the first four roles are mostly popular in the world. Generally speaking, we can divide the roles into two parts: traditional roles in teacher-centered teaching, and modern roles in learner-centered teaching. We can find the roles of 1, 2 are traditional, while the roles of 4, 5 and 6 are modern roles and the roles of 3, 7, 8 and 9 are shared by both.
In the past, being lack of modern resources such as internet and audiovisual materials, teachers was the only source of information, who acted as the authority and controller in language teaching. Nowadays, greatly influenced by humanism and the thought of democracy, teachers no longer act as an expert dispending prepared information, but a facilitator or guide of active learning.
3.Basic roles of modern English teacher
In the learner-centered class, teachers provide a serious of service to students, which include different forms of assistance such as a hint, a word of praise, a piece of advice or a learning strategy. Actually, all roles in the above table are still in use, but the modern roles should be promoted with the traditional ones can’t be excluded completely. The following roles are most important in most inland areas in China:
3.1Planner
Acting as planner, teacher decides lesson content, lesson methodology and chooses materials.
3.1facilitator
In the modern language teaching, facilitator is the most important role of a qualified teacher. Teacher should encourage students to take part in the language learning activities and lead the praise and celebration of learners’ success.
3.3Helper
Teacher provides technical support, i.e. operates record equipment, to remind the students of the previous speakers said and check the comprehension.
3.4Advisor
After finishing language activities, teacher should evaluate learners’ performance, provides positive and negative feedback, and gives guidance on how to improve future performance.
4.Elementary necessities of a qualified English teacher
With technological advanced and more supplementary materials, an English teacher’s elementary necessities include five main aspects:
(1)Basic understanding of language knowledge
Teacher should have a comprehensive understanding of the nature of language
and the typical differences between English and Chinese.
(2)Basic understanding of language learning and teaching
Teacher should have a comprehensive understanding of the language learning and teaching, a good command of learning strategies and teaching methodology, and know learners’ individual differences and can deal with the issue well in teaching.
(3)A good command of the English skills
Be fluent in listening, speaking, reading and writing and able to express himself or herself clearly in English.
(4)Language teaching skills
Be able to organize different kinds of in and out-of class activities to facilitate and evaluate the students’ learning, through which teachers can employ efficient skills and modern technologies.
（5）Personal qualities
Maintains and exemplifies high ethical and moral standards, be aware of life-long study, and treat students with whole-heartness and great responsibility.
5.Conclusion
The teachers are engaged in a complex process of planning, decision making, testing, experimentation and reflection, which play different roles in modern language teaching. To be an efficient facilitator, teacher should have a good understanding of these roles and a good command of language teaching skills.
参考文献：
[1] Karavas Dukas,E.1995.An Investigation into Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Roles in the Classroom.
[2] Oxford. R.L.1990.Language Learning Strategies:What every teacher should know. New York: Newbury House/Harper&Row.
Key words: English teaching, teachers, modern roles, elementary necessities
The concept of “role” is a popular term in language teaching. Teachers’ and learners’ expectations in language acquisition determine the roles that each performs in the process of language learning.
1. Different roles of English teacher in traditional and modern pedagogy
Karavas Dukas held a study with a multicultural group of experienced teachers from different countries. These teachers were asked what roles they performed in their teaching activities. The answers were summarized as follow:
The above table shows the first four roles are mostly popular in the world. Generally speaking, we can divide the roles into two parts: traditional roles in teacher-centered teaching, and modern roles in learner-centered teaching. We can find the roles of 1, 2 are traditional, while the roles of 4, 5 and 6 are modern roles and the roles of 3, 7, 8 and 9 are shared by both.
In the past, being lack of modern resources such as internet and audiovisual materials, teachers was the only source of information, who acted as the authority and controller in language teaching. Nowadays, greatly influenced by humanism and the thought of democracy, teachers no longer act as an expert dispending prepared information, but a facilitator or guide of active learning.
3.Basic roles of modern English teacher
In the learner-centered class, teachers provide a serious of service to students, which include different forms of assistance such as a hint, a word of praise, a piece of advice or a learning strategy. Actually, all roles in the above table are still in use, but the modern roles should be promoted with the traditional ones can’t be excluded completely. The following roles are most important in most inland areas in China:
3.1Planner
Acting as planner, teacher decides lesson content, lesson methodology and chooses materials.
3.1facilitator
In the modern language teaching, facilitator is the most important role of a qualified teacher. Teacher should encourage students to take part in the language learning activities and lead the praise and celebration of learners’ success.
3.3Helper
Teacher provides technical support, i.e. operates record equipment, to remind the students of the previous speakers said and check the comprehension.
3.4Advisor
After finishing language activities, teacher should evaluate learners’ performance, provides positive and negative feedback, and gives guidance on how to improve future performance.
4.Elementary necessities of a qualified English teacher
With technological advanced and more supplementary materials, an English teacher’s elementary necessities include five main aspects:
(1)Basic understanding of language knowledge
Teacher should have a comprehensive understanding of the nature of language
and the typical differences between English and Chinese.
(2)Basic understanding of language learning and teaching
Teacher should have a comprehensive understanding of the language learning and teaching, a good command of learning strategies and teaching methodology, and know learners’ individual differences and can deal with the issue well in teaching.
(3)A good command of the English skills
Be fluent in listening, speaking, reading and writing and able to express himself or herself clearly in English.
(4)Language teaching skills
Be able to organize different kinds of in and out-of class activities to facilitate and evaluate the students’ learning, through which teachers can employ efficient skills and modern technologies.
（5）Personal qualities
Maintains and exemplifies high ethical and moral standards, be aware of life-long study, and treat students with whole-heartness and great responsibility.
5.Conclusion
The teachers are engaged in a complex process of planning, decision making, testing, experimentation and reflection, which play different roles in modern language teaching. To be an efficient facilitator, teacher should have a good understanding of these roles and a good command of language teaching skills.
参考文献：
[1] Karavas Dukas,E.1995.An Investigation into Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Roles in the Classroom.
[2] Oxford. R.L.1990.Language Learning Strategies:What every teacher should know. New York: Newbury House/Harper&Row.