目的:研究急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患儿CD38的表达情况及其与预后的关系。方法:检测30例ALL初诊患儿和对照组15例正常儿童CD38的表达,观察CD38阳性患儿的预后情况。结果:30例ALL患儿共检出16例CD38阳性,对照组未检出CD38阳性。按FAB分型,30例患儿CD38未分型及L1、L2、L3检出率依次为100%及62.5%、5.26%、0;按免疫表型,30例患儿B-T细胞、B细胞、T细胞表型检出率依次为66.7%、27.8%、11.1%。CD38阳性者完全缓解(CR)率为12.5%,部分缓解(PR)率为50%;CD38阴性者CR率为50%,PR率为13.6%;两者之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。12例核型异常的患儿中,CD38阳性的为2例。结论:ALL患儿中有较高的CD38阳性表达率;CD38阳性患儿的CR人数少于阴性患儿;CD38阳性患儿核型未必异常。 Objective: To investigate the expression of CD38 in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and its relationship with prognosis. Methods: The expression of CD38 was detected in 30 cases of newly diagnosed ALL children and 15 cases of normal controls, and the prognosis of CD38 positive children was observed. Results: Totally 16 CD38 positive cases were detected in 30 children with ALL. CD38 positive were not detected in the control group. According to FAB classification, the detection rate of CD38, type I, type II and type II in 30 children were 100%, 62.5% and 5.26%, respectively. According to the immunophenotype, the percentage of B cells, The detection rates of T cell phenotypes were 66.7%, 27.8% and 11.1%, respectively. The complete remission (CR) rate was 12.5% ​​and the partial remission (PR) rate was 50% in CD38 positive patients. The CR rate was 50% in CD38 negative patients and the PR rate was 13.6%. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Of the 12 children with karyotypic abnormalities, 2 were positive for CD38. Conclusion: The higher expression of CD38 in children with ALL was found. The number of CR in children with CD38 was less than that in children with negative CD38. The karyotype of children with CD38 was not abnormal.