葡萄糖与血红蛋白之间的化学反应是一种常见的生物反应过程,称之为“非酶糖化”。血红蛋白A通过与葡萄糖结合发生了变化。该反应是无酶参与的、缓慢的,而且是不可逆的。在人类,葡萄糖可以自由渗入红细胞,在红细胞内血红蛋白A不断地形成糖化血红蛋白,其速率取决于周围的葡萄糖浓度。测定一份血标本的糖化血红蛋白,可以提供该病人近3—4个月内平均血糖水平的精确指标。 The chemical reaction between glucose and hemoglobin is a common biological reaction process, called “non-enzymatic glycation.” Hemoglobin A changes by binding to glucose. The reaction is enzyme-free, slow, and irreversible. In humans, glucose is freely permeating into red blood cells, and hemoglobin A continues to form glycated hemoglobin in the red blood cells at a rate that depends on the surrounding glucose concentration. Measuring a glycated hemoglobin in a blood sample can provide an accurate indication of the average blood glucose level of the patient in the last 3-4 months.