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Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to study the diversity of seven E. pulcherrima with different color leaves. Aight 10 bp primers selected from 30 arbitrary primers were applied for amplifying the Euphorbia pulcherrima DNA. Total 62 bands were produced, among which 22 bands (35.48%) were polymorphic. The average numbers of polymorphic DNA bands amplified by each primer were 7.8. Cluster analysis results showed that the genetic background of seven E. pulcherrima was relatively narrow and they had the higher similarity coefficient, which indicated that these seven strains had a near relationship, and that RAPD marking technology may be the effective means for E. pulcherrima classification.