清代团练的运行实态,前人有研究虽多有涉及,但大都语焉不详。本文以《巴县档案》相关材料为基础,详细地考察了清中期白莲教起义以后,巴县乡村社会办理团练的运行实态,分析影响团练设置的因素、团费征集的渠道、团正的身份,考察团正在乡村社会所承担的职责。在此基础之上,对现有的相关观点进行了质疑。 The actual operation of the group practice in the Qing Dynasty, although there are many previous studies involved, but most of them do not know. Based on the related materials of “Baxian Archives”, this paper examines in detail the operational practices of the village clubs in Baxian rural areas after the White Lotus Intifada in the mid-Qing Dynasty, analyzes the factors influencing the establishment of the militia, Identity, the delegation’s mission in rural society. On this basis, the relevant existing views were questioned.