在胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)发病前数年可出现胰岛细胞抗体(ICA),在一级亲属中ICA 升高者以后不可避免地发生糖尿病。在发生糖尿病的过程中胰岛素释放第一时相(FPIR)进行性受损,提示胰岛β细胞功能进行性丧失。已证明烟酰胺能预防非肥胖型(NOD)小鼠发生糖尿病,而对已发生糖尿病者疗效差。但它不能预防 Islet cell antibody (ICA) occurs several years before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and is inevitably followed by diabetes in first-degree relatives with elevated ICA. The first phase of insulin release (FPIR) is progressively impaired in the development of diabetes, suggesting progressive loss of pancreatic β-cell function. Nicotinamide has been shown to prevent the development of diabetes in non-obese (NOD) mice and to those who have already developed diabetes. But it can not be prevented