论文部分内容阅读
中世纪的根本文化特征在于基督教的思想统治,教会的统治带来了对人的主体独立性、自由、理性的压制。随着教士的昏庸性的暴露,以及教会对民众在经济上的掠夺,到中世纪的后期,教会的统治己陷入合法性危机。随着一种精神控制特征文化的衰落,新的资产阶级文化成长起来。逻辑过程是:经济的发展——新阶级的形成——对教会精神控制的反抗——寻求新的精神生活(包括向古代寻求)——形成新的文化。早期资本主义文化的主要元素是:市场化机制下的自由、感性生活的放纵、理性化的思维方式。
The fundamental cultural characteristics of the Middle Ages lie in the Christian ideological rule. The rule of the Church has brought about the suppression of the subject’s independence, freedom and reason. As the cleric exposure of the priests and the economic plunder of the population by the church, the rule of the church had fallen into a crisis of legitimacy by the late Middle Ages. With a spiritual control of the decline of the characteristic culture, the new bourgeois culture grew. The logical process is: economic development - the formation of a new class - resistance to the control of the church spirit - to seek a new spiritual life (including the ancient search) - the formation of a new culture. The main elements of the early capitalist culture are: freedom under the market-oriented mechanism, indulgence of emotional life, and rational thinking.