目的:了解泉州市丰泽区5岁以下儿童单纯性肥胖的发生率及其影响因素,为儿童肥胖的早期干预提供依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样法对1 817例儿童进行流行病学调查。结果:泉州市丰泽区5岁以下儿童单纯性肥胖检出率为2.92%,轻、中、重度肥胖检出率分别为2.04%、0.83%和0.05%,以轻中度肥胖为主。肥胖检出率以4～5岁组最高,达5.31%;其次为3～4岁组,达4.27%。饮食习惯、生活方式及遗传为影响儿童肥胖的危险因素。结论:泉州市丰泽区儿童单纯性肥胖发生率略低于全国水平。儿童肥胖的预防重点是要抓住肥胖发生的关键期,在培养科学的饮食习惯及健康的生活方式方面重点开展健康教育工作。 Objective: To understand the incidence and influencing factors of simple obesity in children under 5 in Fengze District of Quanzhou, and to provide basis for early intervention of childhood obesity. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the epidemiological survey of 1817 children. Results: The detection rate of simple obesity was 2.92% in Fengze District of Quanzhou City. The detection rates of light, moderate and severe obesity were 2.04%, 0.83% and 0.05% respectively, with mild to moderate obesity. The detection rate of obesity was the highest in the group of 4 to 5 years old, up to 5.31%, followed by the group of 3 to 4 years old, up to 4.27%. Dietary habits, lifestyle and heredity as risk factors affecting childhood obesity. Conclusion: The incidence of simple obesity in Fengze District of Quanzhou City is slightly lower than the national level. The focus of prevention of childhood obesity is to grasp the key period of obesity and focus on health education in cultivating scientific eating habits and healthy lifestyles.