目的　研究四川省石渠县青海田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地宿主动物蚤目昆虫的种群结构 ;方法　主要通过梳检鼠体、挖鼠巢穴、探獭洞干等方法检蚤 ,然后按形态学分类方法进行分类鉴定到种 (亚种 ) ;结果　在该疫源地不同地区、不同自然地理生境中的 1 0种动物、青海田鼠巢穴以及喜玛拉雅旱獭洞干 ,发现蚤类 4种 1 1属 1 9种 (亚种 ) ,且不同地点、不同生境、不同宿主动物间蚤类分布各异 ;结论　发现该疫地主要宿主青海田鼠主要寄生蚤为细钩黄鼠蚤和直缘双蚤指名亚种 ,喜玛拉雅旱獭主要寄生蚤为斧形盖蚤和谢氏山蚤 ,高原鼠兔主要寄生蚤为五侧纤蚤邻近亚种和哗倍蚤指名亚种 ,藏仓鼠主要寄生直缘双蚤指名亚种、青海双蚤和细钩黄鼠蚤 ,沙狐主要寄生蚤为同鬃蚤 Objective To study the population structure of host insects in the natural foci of Qinghai vole plague in Shiqu County, Sichuan Province. Methods The fleas were examined by combing the rats, digging nests and exploring the stem-borers. The morphological classification method was then used Results Species (subspecies) were identified and classified into 10 species (subspecies). Results In 10 species of animals in different natural geographical habitats, Qinghai Microtus virescens nest and Himalayan Marmota cave stem, 9 subspecies (subspecies), and different distributions of fleas in different habitats and different host animals. Conclusion The main parasitoid fleas in Qinghai field vole , The main parasitic fleas of Himalayan marmot is the Axial-shaped cover flea and the Scholar’s flea, the main parasitic fleas on the plateau pika are the subspecies subsp. Named subspecies, Qinghai double flea and fine hook gopher rat fleas, sand fox main parasitic flea for the same mane flea