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目的在南水北调条件下,观察人工北移至非适宜地区山东省东平湖区湖北钉螺生存繁殖的能力。方法近年,在东平湖区的湖心岛以螺笼放养钉螺,定量观察其生存繁殖情况。结果亲代钉螺可以在东平湖越冬生存,存活率为60.51%(118/195);经过2个冬季24个月放养,繁殖产生了子2代钉螺228只,其螺口数量较亲代钉螺数量增长了14.00%;经过3个冬季36个月放养,钉螺繁殖产生了子3代钉螺86只,其数量较亲代钉螺减少了57.00%,与子2代钉螺数量比较减少了62.28%;经过4个冬季48个月放养,钉螺存活率为0。结论南水北调东线南端长江取水口地区的湖北钉螺在血吸虫病非流行区山东省东平湖区可以繁殖到子3代,生存繁殖的时间不超过4个冬季、48个月,呈现逐年消亡趋势。报道了在中国大陆北纬35 055/地区,人工北移到此地的钉螺在湖滩铁丝笼内放养状态下生存繁殖的纵向观察结果。
Objective To observe the ability of artificial northward migration to the survival and reproduction of Oncomelania hupensis in Dongpinghu District, Shandong Province, under the conditions of South-to-North Water Diversion. Methods In recent years, in the heart of Dongpinghu Lake island screw snail stocking, quantitative observation of its survival and reproduction. Results The parent snails survived in the winter in Dongping Lake, with a survival rate of 60.51% (118/195). After 2 winter months of 24 months, 228 snails were spawned and their number of snails increased compared with their parents 14.00%. After three winter months of 36 months, snail breeding resulted in 86 third-generation snails, which decreased by 57.00% and 62.28% respectively compared with the second generation snails. After four winter 48 Month stocking, snail survival rate of 0. Conclusion The snails in the Yangtze River water intakes at the southern end of the Eastern Route of South-to-North Water Diversion can propagate into the third generation in Dongping Lake, Shandong Province, where the non-endemic area of schistosomiasis is endemic. The survival and reproduction time does not exceed 4 in winter and 48 months, showing a tendency of extinction year by year. Reported the longitudinal observation of survival and reproduction of Oncomelania hupensis which was moved northward in 35 005 / lat.