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依据农村土地权属调查资料构建村域尺度的景观干扰模型,探讨乡村景观干扰的空间模式,并利用STIRPAT模型考察人口和富裕两种关键人文因素对景观干扰水平的定量影响。以湖北省英山县为例的研究结果表明:(1)各村域景观干扰水平总体呈现出较强的空间集聚趋势,局部为“低一低”型关联模式的村域在县域北部和东北部高海拔地区呈现连片分布态势,处于“高一高”型关联状态的村域则在中南部地区形成连片分布格局;(2)村域人口数量和富裕程度均为景观干扰水平的正向影响因子,富裕因素的影响程度稍大于人口因素,多数村域的技术景观效益尚存在较大提升空间;(3)继续执行严格的计划生育政策、推行非农化生计方式与实施景观技术提升策略,是降低乡村景观干扰水平的有效举措。
Based on rural land ownership survey data, a village-scale landscape disturbance model was constructed to explore the spatial patterns of rural landscape disturbances. STIRPAT models were used to investigate the quantitative impact of two key human factors, population and affluent, on landscape disturbance levels. The results of the study in Yingshan County of Hubei Province indicate that: (1) The landscape disturbance levels in all villages show a strong spatial agglomeration trend, and the local villages with a “low-low” association model are in the northern part of the county. The distribution of high-altitude areas in the northeast is contiguous and the villages in the “high, high, high,” and associated state form a contiguous distribution pattern in the central and southern regions. (2) The population and wealth of the village population are both landscapes. The positive impact factor of interference level, the degree of influence of richness factors is slightly larger than the population factor, and there is still room for improvement in the technical landscape benefits of most villages; (3) Continued implementation of strict family planning policies and promotion of non-agricultural livelihoods The implementation of landscape technology upgrading strategies is an effective measure to reduce the level of rural landscape disturbances.