《史记》是一部伟大的史学名著,也是一部经典的文学名著。它开创了以人物为中心的写人文学,成功地塑造出一大批典型的人物形象。心理描写作为刻画人物形象的重要手法之一,在《史记》一书中被运用得相当纯熟,而在诸多描写人物心理的篇章中,《李斯列传》堪称典范之作。通过感叹、自白与对话等多种心理描写手法,《李斯列传》成功地刻画出李斯、赵高以及胡亥等人的内心世界,这不仅体现了司马迁对前代优秀文学作品中心理描写技巧的继承,还有其对人物幽微心灵的探寻体味。 “Historical Records” is a great masterpiece of history, but also a classic literary masterpiece. It pioneered the human-centered writing of humanities and succeeded in shaping a large number of typical characters. Psychological description, as one of the most important ways of portraying the figure, is quite skillfully applied in the Book of Records of the Historians. In many chapters describing the psychology of characters, the Biography of Lisi is exemplary. Through sighing, confession and dialogue and other psychological depiction techniques, “Biography of Lisi” succeeded in portraying the inner world of Lisi, Zhao Gao and Hu Hai, which not only reflects Sima Qian’s inheritance of the psychological description skills in the excellent literary works of the previous generation , As well as its understanding of the character of the quiet soul.