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双相情感障碍是慢性严重精神疾病，但其发病机制仍然不明，易复发，治愈率不理想。而肠道菌群在维持人体健康和调节人体功能等方面有着重要的作用，人体内肠道菌群的改变可以直接或间接导致多种疾病的发生。并且越来越多的研究发现，多种精神类疾病的患者和部分躯体疾病的患者其肠道菌群有着明显的改变，因此，脑-肠-菌群轴的深入研究成为探索精神疾病客观标志物及发病机制的一个热点方向。文章就近年来肠道菌群与双相情感障碍关系的研究进展作一综述，从脑-肠-菌群轴、双相障碍的肠道菌群改变、肠道菌群引起双相障碍的可能生物机制以及双相障碍的治疗新发现几个方面进行阐述，为临床双相障碍生物标志物的进一步研究以及有效诊疗提供参考。“,”Bipolar disorder is a chronic and severe mental disease, but its pathogenesis is still unknown.The disease is easy to relapse, and the cure rate is not ideal. The intestinal flora plays an important role in maintaining human health and regulating human function. The change of intestinal flora in human can directly or indirectly lead to the occurrence of a variety of diseases. And more and more studies have found that the intestinal flora of patients with many kinds of mental diseases and some of patients with physical diseases has obvious changes. Therefore, the in-depth study of brain-gut-flora axis has become a hot direction to explore the objective markers and pathogenesis of mental diseases. In this paper, the research progress of the relationship between intestinal microflora and bipolar disorder in recent years is reviewed. The changes of intestinal microflora in brain-gut-flora axis, bipolar disorder, the possible biological mechanism of bipolar disorder caused by intestinal microflora and the new discovery of treatment of bipolar disorder are discussed, which provides reference for further research and effective diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder biomarkers.