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对东乡野生稻的种子形态(谷粒、米粒)特征,谷壳和果皮的构造,种子休眠性、种子吸水量和种子萌发特性等进行研究。结果表明,种子形态,长宽比大于3.5,千粒重20 g,谷色黑褐色,芒长5.42 cm,米粒长7.15 mm,长宽比3.3,米色呈虾皮色,无腹白,玻璃质,直链淀粉含量24%,蛋白质含量10.8%。种子休眠性强,可达7个月之久,与谷壳结构密切相关,其谷壳外的硅质细胞层厚和谷壳内的蜡质层厚。种子萌动发芽的最低需水量为20%;种子萌动的最低温度为8℃;种子发芽后可在(6±0.5)℃下生长,2 d增长1.24%;10 d可增长12.24%。成熟种子播入土水中,在自然条件下日平均温度12.3℃,日最高温度16.5℃以上,开始萌动发芽,在室内条件下,日平均温度15℃,日最高温度16℃开始种子萌动发芽,但前者比后者提早5 d萌动发芽,发芽率比后者少10.4%,日最高温度比平均温度对种子萌动影响较大。
The characteristics of seed morphology (grain, rice grain), structure of chaff and peel, seed dormancy, seed water absorption and seed germination characteristics of Dongxiang wild rice were studied. The results showed that seed morphology, aspect ratio greater than 3.5, grain weight 20 g, grain dark brown, mantle length 5.42 cm, grain length 7.15 mm, length to width ratio 3.3, beige was shrimp skin color, no belly white, vitreous, Starch content of 24%, protein content of 10.8%. Seed dormancy, up to 7 months old, and the chaff structure is closely related to the outer layer of the outer layer of silicon cells and chaff within the waxy layer thickness. The minimum water requirement for seed germination was 20%. The minimum temperature for seed germination was 8 ℃. The seed germinated at (6 ± 0.5) ℃ and grew 1.24% after 2 days and 12.24% after 10 days. Mature seeds were sown into soil and water. Under natural conditions, the average daily temperature was 12.3 ℃ and the daily maximum temperature was above 16.5 ℃. Germination and germination began to occur. Under the indoor conditions, the average daily temperature was 15 ℃ and the maximum daily temperature was 16 ℃. Germinated 5 days earlier than the latter germinating germination rate of 10.4% less than the latter, the maximum temperature than the average temperature on the germination of seeds greater impact.