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为了解覆草苹果园土壤养分的变化特征,以沈阳农业大学果树实践基地6年生寒富苹果为研究对象,研究果园覆草对土壤养分、微生物生物量以及土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:与清耕处理相比,多年覆草可改善果园土壤养分状况,显著提高果园表层土壤养分含量。覆草处理显著提高了表层土壤微生物生物量,但覆草处理的促进作用随土层的加深而减小,在30~40 cm深土层中,覆草处理的微生物生物量与清耕处理基本相同。土壤酶活性的高低能反映土壤微生物活性和生化反应强度,覆草处理能提高土壤酶的活性,但随着土层的加深而降低。
In order to understand the characteristics of soil nutrient changes in apple orchard, the effects of orchard mulching on soil nutrients, microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities were studied using 6-year-old Chinese pineapple apples from Shenyang Agricultural University as a fruit base. The results showed that compared with the tillage treatment, the grass covered for many years could improve the soil nutrient status and significantly increase the soil nutrient content in the orchard. Grass mulching significantly increased the microbial biomass of topsoil, but the role of grass mulching on the soil mulching decreased with the depth of soil layer. In 30 ~ 40 cm soil layer, the mulching biomass and tillage the same. The level of soil enzyme activity can reflect the activity of soil microorganism and the intensity of biochemical reaction. Grass-mulching treatment can increase the activity of soil enzyme, but decrease with the deepening of soil layer.