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研究了水滴和花生油液滴在冷铜表面的冻结过程.实验中观察到水滴冻结时与冷表面接触的底面形状不变,但在垂直于底面的方向上发生明显生长.冻结的末尾阶段水滴顶部出现小的突出,但花生油冻结时几乎不发生形状变化且无突出产生.提出了对此现象的解释,认为形状变化和突出的形成是冻结过程中相变造成的体积膨胀和表面张力共同作用所致.采用这一理论建立了相应的数学模型,计算出的水滴冻结后的形状与实验结果能够很好地吻合.对实验中观察到的液滴突出部霜的生长快于其他位置的现象进行了分析.
The freezing process of water droplet and peanut oil droplet on the cold copper surface was studied.The shape of the bottom surface contacted with the cold surface was observed when the water drop frozen, but the growth was obvious in the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface. But the peanut oil hardly changes its shape and does not produce prominently when the peanut oil is frozen.It is proposed to explain this phenomenon that the shape change and the prominent formation are the result of the volume expansion and the surface tension caused by the phase change in the freezing process To this theory, the corresponding mathematical model was established, the calculated shape of the frozen water droplets and the experimental results can be well consistent with the experimental observed droplets of the Ministry of the growth of the cream faster than the phenomenon of other locations Analysis.