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勘探初期,工区内钻井较少和砂体厚度较小且横向分布不稳定的时候,找到一种合适的方法来描述砂体的分布范围和厚度是一件十分困难的事情。地震的各种属性和波阻抗反演在碳氢检测、储层预测和层序地层解释中具有广泛的应用,基于属性的地震相分析可以清晰地刻画砂体的横向分布情况。研究区调谐频率和砂体的厚度有较好的对应关系,因此,根据实际情况,在充分了解研究区沉积背景的前提下,首先,优选提取可以识别砂体范围的各种地震属性,利用基于多属性的地震相分析描述出砂体的分布范围;其次,根据时频分析做谱分解,计算出一个频率域的数据体,提出每道能量最大处的频率值,得到最大频率平面图;然后,根据高分辨的波阻抗反演剖面和研究区的唯一一口钻井,建立砂体厚度和频率的拟合关系式;最后,用统计的拟合关系式,推算出整个研究区砂体分布范围内的厚度平面图。实际应用结果表明,该方法能较好地预测砂体分布范围和厚度。
In the early stages of exploration, it was difficult to find an appropriate way to describe the distribution and thickness of the sand body when drilling less in the work area and the thickness of the sand body was small and the lateral distribution was not stable. The seismic attributes and impedance inversion are widely used in hydrocarbon detection, reservoir prediction and sequence stratigraphic interpretation. Attribute-based seismic facies analysis can clearly depict the lateral distribution of sand bodies. Therefore, based on the actual situation, on the premise of fully understanding the sedimentary background in the study area, firstly, it is preferable to extract various seismic attributes that can identify the range of the sand body, Secondly, according to the time-frequency analysis, the spectral decomposition is done to calculate the data body in a frequency domain, and the maximum frequency of each energy is proposed to obtain the maximum frequency plane map. Secondly, According to the high-resolution wave impedance inversion section and the only drilling in the study area, the fitting relation between thickness and frequency of sand body is established. Finally, the distribution of sand bodies in the whole study area Thickness plan. The practical application shows that this method can predict the distribution range and thickness of sand body well.