[目的]探讨稀土纳米抗菌材料对红细胞脆性的影响。[方法]依据4种不同的染毒途径,把受试豚鼠分为皮肤接触、经口摄入、肌肉注射和静脉注射4个试验组,前2组所用受试物浓度为50％,后2组所用浓度为10％。于用药第30天和第90天两批处死豚鼠,然后采用红细胞渗透脆性过筛试验,在12支口径相同的试管里顺次滴加NaCI溶液和蒸馏水,观察红细胞的溶血情况。[结果]试验发现豚鼠接触该类稀土纳米抗菌材料后,无论用药第30天还是第90天, 除皮肤接触组外,其他各受试组12支试管均呈深红色,表明红细胞完全溶血,豚鼠红细胞的溶血脆性与对照组相比显著增加。[结论] 红细胞脆性的增加表明在稀土纳米抗菌材料的作用下,红细胞的生物膜结构发生了变化,其抵抗低渗盐水的能力降低,提示过量使用稀土纳米材料会对机体产生不良的影响。 [Objective] To investigate the effect of rare earth nano-antibacterial materials on erythrocyte fragility. [Method] According to 4 different routes of exposure, the guinea pigs were divided into skin contact, oral intake, intramuscular and intravenous injection of four experimental groups, the first two groups of test substance concentration of 50%, 2 Group used in the concentration of 10%. Guinea pigs were killed in two batches on the 30th day and the 90th day after treatment. Then the erythrocytes hemolysis was observed by dropping the NaCI solution and distilled water into 12 test tubes of the same caliber using the erythrocyte penetration fragility screening test. [Results] After the guinea pigs were exposed to the nano-antibacterial materials of these rare earths, no matter on the 30th day or the 90th day, 12 test tubes of other test groups were dark red except the skin contact group, indicating complete hemolysis of erythrocytes, guinea pigs Hemolysis fragility of erythrocytes significantly increased compared with the control group. [Conclusion] The increase of erythrocyte fragility indicates that the biofilm structure of erythrocytes changed under the action of rare earth nano-antibacterial materials, and its ability to resist the hypotonic saline was reduced, suggesting that excessive use of rare earth nanomaterials would have an adverse effect on the body.