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介绍了几种稠油加工工艺。利用CFB和IGCC技术加工稠油,虽然技术比较成熟,但从氢平衡和综合利用能源的角度看,并不是很合理;利用固定床加氢技术处理稠油会有反应器压力降和催化剂床层金属沉积问题;利用ROP技术处理稠油,可得到轻质组分,但加工工艺比较长,加工费用比较高;沸腾床加氢技术和悬浮床加氢裂化可得到更多的轻质组分,但催化剂和工艺技术还不是很成熟;采用延迟焦化工艺加工稠油,可得到比较多的轻质组分,高硫焦可作为CFB和IGCC原料,注入脱钙剂可缓解钙、铁造成设备结垢和后续工艺催化剂中毒问题,延迟焦化工艺是加工稠油工艺合理、简单、经济的加工工艺。
Several heavy oil processing techniques are introduced. The use of CFB and IGCC technology for heavy oil processing, although the technology is relatively mature, but from the hydrogen balance and comprehensive utilization of energy point of view, it is not very reasonable; the use of fixed bed hydrogenation technology will have heavy oil reactor pressure drop and the catalyst bed Metal deposition problems; the use of ROP technology to deal with heavy oil, light components can be obtained, but the processing technology is relatively long, relatively high processing costs; fluidized bed hydrocracking and suspended bed hydrocracking can be more light components, However, the catalyst and process technology are not yet mature. Delayed coking process can process heavy oil to obtain more light components. High sulfur coke can be used as raw material for CFB and IGCC. Scale and follow-up process catalyst poisoning, delayed coking process is a reasonable, simple and economical processing technology for processing heavy oil.