西晋著名的思想家傅玄说过:“夫金木无常,方员应形,亦有隐括,习与性成,故近朱者赤,近墨者黑”(《太子少傅箴》)。所谓“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”,就是指人们每每因环境的影响而改变其习性。后来,便成为家喻户晓的警句。此话对吗?我认为未必。近朱者赤,近墨为黑,其实是一种形而上学宇宙观的反映。这种宇宙观把世界上一切事物都看成是永远彼此孤立而不变的,认 Fu Xuan, a famous thinker in the Western Jin Dynasty, said: “Fuji Jinmu is impermanent, members must be form, there are hidden, learning and sexuality, it is near Zhu Zhechi, near Mo black” (“Prince Shaofei”). The so-called “near-Zhu people, near-black people” means that people often change their habits due to the influence of the environment. Later, it became a well-known phrase. Is this correct? I don’t think so. Nearly the red and the black are close to the ink, which is actually a reflection of the metaphysical view of the universe. This kind of cosmology sees everything in the world as being always isolated from one another without change.