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目的了解广东省碘缺乏病高危地区人群碘营养水平及碘缺乏病防治情况。方法在广东省碘缺乏病高危地区监测的项目县雷州市和惠东县中共抽取沿海产盐、非碘盐冲销最为严重的7个镇(街道)开展监测,搜索疑似地方性克汀病病例,并对该地区的食盐供应情况进行调查;于雷州市和惠东县各随机抽取60名孕妇进行尿碘的监测,并随机抽取12所小学的8~10岁儿童进行尿碘和甲状腺肿大率监测。结果雷州市和惠东县的碘盐覆盖率分别为45.8%(110/240)、25.0%(60/240),但两地均未发现克汀病人;8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为2.3%(11/480),尿碘中位数为91.1μg/L;惠东县和雷州市孕妇尿碘中位数分别为118.6和73.1μg/L,其差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论雷州市和惠东县碘缺乏病高危镇儿童与孕妇整体处于碘缺乏状态,应采取综合措施提高其碘营养水平;两地碘盐覆盖率较低,应加强当地健康教育宣传,合法地取缔当地的非法小盐场,提高碘盐覆盖率。
Objective To understand the iodine nutrition and the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in high-risk areas of iodine deficiency disorders in Guangdong Province. Methods Thirty seven towns (streets) with the most serious sea salt and non-iodized salt were collected from Leizhou and Huidong Counties under the surveillance of high iodine deficiency disease areas in Guangdong Province. The cases of suspected endemic cretinism were searched, And survey the salt supply in the area; 60 pregnant women were randomly selected from Leizhou City and Huidong County for urinary iodine monitoring, and urine and iodine and goiter were randomly selected from 12 primary schools aged 8 to 10 years monitor. Results The coverage of iodized salt in Leizhou City and Huidong County was 45.8% (110/240) and 25.0% (60/240) respectively, but no cretinism was found in both areas. The goiter rate in children aged 8-10 years was (11/480), the median urinary iodine was 91.1μg / L. The median urinary iodine of pregnant women in Huidong County and Leizhou City was 118.6 and 73.1μg / L respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 ). Conclusion The children with high risk of iodine deficiency deficiency in Leizhou City and Huidong County are in a state of iodine deficiency as a whole, and comprehensive measures should be taken to increase the iodine nutrition level. The coverage of iodine salt in both places is relatively low, so local health education should be promoted and legally banned Local illegal small saltworks, increasing iodized salt coverage.