杨·弗里德诰智(Yan Fridegrd,1897—1968),瑞典三十年代“雇工学派”作家之一。这个学派主要写工人、农民等社会下层人的生活。他出生于乌普兰一个长工的家庭,从事过农业,当过兵,做过小买卖,当过保险公司代理人,经营过古书等,也有过失业和坐牢的经历。他的第一本书是诗集,出版于1931年;第一部小说出版于1933年。弗里德诰智在三十年代写过不少好的作品,这些著作表达了他对正直行为和追求真理的精神的敬佩,而对社会中虚伪和陈旧的观念则进行猛烈的讽刺,所以至今他在瑞典仍享有盛名。但后来他所写的关于海盗时期和石器时代等历史题材的作品中,却夹杂着不少唯心和神秘主义的思想,评价就不如前期好了。弗里德诰智的创作特点是风格明快,手法灵活,语言易懂,结构严密,故他的作品在瑞典经常被选为教材。他的主要著作有:《七月的一夜》(En natt i juli)、《我,拉什·诰智)(Yag Lars Hrd)、《感谢天梯》(Tack himlastegen)、《慈善》(Barmhrtighet)、《我的手在这里》(Hr r min hand)、《牺牲品》(Offer)、《祖先》(Fderna)、《城堡上的公鸡》(Torntupp)等。这里刊登的三篇选自《杨·弗里德诰智短篇小说集》。 Yan Fridegrd (1897-1968), one of the Swedish writers in the 1930s. This school mainly write workers, peasants and other social life of the people. He was born in a long working family in Uppland. He worked in agriculture, worked as a soldier, did small business, worked as an insurance company agent and ran ancient books. He also had experiences of losing his job and jail. His first book is a collection of poems, published in 1931; the first novel was published in 1933. Friedman wrote a number of good works in the 1930s that expressed his admiration for integrity and the pursuit of truth while violently ironic about hypocrisy and outdated beliefs in society He still enjoys a good reputation in Sweden. Later, however, his works on historical subjects such as the period of the Pirates and the Stone Age were mixed with many ideas of idealism and mysticism, and the evaluation was not as good as the previous one. Fried’s wisdom is characterized by its style of style, its flexibility, its easy-to-understand language and its tight structure, so his works are often chosen as textbooks in Sweden. His major publications include En natt i juli, Yag Lars Hrd, Tack himlastegen, Barmhrtighet, “Hr r min hand,” “Offer,” “Fderna,” “Torunpp on the castle.” Three of the articles published here are from the collection of short stories by Young Friedman.