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目的通过对某火炸药作业场所乙酸乙酯浓度检测以及作业人员职业健康检查,分析乙酸乙酯对作业人员健康的影响。方法对作业场所空气中的乙酸乙酯检测按照GBZ/T 160-2004方法进行采样分析;依据GBZ 188-2007对作业人员进行职业健康检查,对其结果进行统计分析。结果该作业场所的造粒间、混合间、烘干间和室外清理乙酸乙酯短时间接触浓度超标,造粒和洗料下料操作工的乙酸乙酯时间加权平均浓度超标。与对照组相比,观察组的眼、鼻、口腔和肺功能指标阳性率差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);观察组咽喉部和呼吸系统自觉症状阳性率(34.2%、43.6%)明显高于对照组(22.5%、25.8%),差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论乙酸乙酯对作业人员的咽喉部和呼吸系统有一定的影响,可对作业人员的身体健康造成职业危害,应加强对作业人员的防护。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of ethyl acetate on the health of workers by testing the concentration of ethyl acetate in the worksite of a certain fire and explosives and occupational health check-ups. Methods The ethyl acetate in the workplace air was sampled and analyzed according to GBZ / T 160-2004. Occupational health examination was conducted according to GBZ 188-2007, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results The concentration of ethyl acetate in granulation room, mixing room, drying room and outdoors was short-term and exceeded the standard. The time-weighted average concentration of ethyl acetate in granulating and laundering workers exceeded the standard. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the positive rate of eye, nose, mouth and lung function between the observation group and the control group (all P> 0.05). The positive rates of the throat and respiratory system in the observation group were 34.2% and 43.6% Which was significantly higher than that of the control group (22.5%, 25.8%), the difference was statistically significant (both P <0.05). Conclusion Ethyl acetate has certain effects on the throat and respiratory system of workers, which may cause occupational hazards to the health of workers and should strengthen the protection of workers.